Gear grinder and the like



May 16, 1933. o. GARRISQN GEAR GRINDER AND THE LIKE 1O Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Juri 5, 1930 INVENTOH,

6484/50, ica, M. swede/s0, A0444.

14/1 00 I) HIV/Y)? L {M ATTORNEY May 16, 1933. Q GARRSON 1,909,398

GEAR GRINDER AND THE LIKE Filed June 5, 1950 10 Sheets-Sheet 2 lila y 1933- o. GARRISON 1,909,398

I GEAR GRINDER AND THE LIKE Filed June 5, 1930 10 Sheets-Sheet 4 Wg/W May 16, 1933. o. GARRISON 1,909,398

GEAR GRINDER AND THE LIKE I Filed June5, 1930 10 Sheets-Sheet 5 ATTORNEY I May 16, 1933.

O.- GARRISON GEAR GRINDER AND THE LIKE Filed June 5, 1930 7 1o Sheets-Sheet s p. v. X E

m M a 0 u I A y 16, 1933- 0. GARRISON GEAR GRINDER AND THE LIKE Filed June 5, 1950 1o Sheets-Sheet '7 W3, 9 m IN 3 Gilli/V00 6'4 All/(VA m 6w WW ATTORNEY May 16, 1933. o. GARRISON GEAR GRINDER AND THE LIKE Filed'June 5, 1950 10 Sheets-Sheet 9 Fig. 15

INVENTUH u 04 M MM m g A I 4 Z W M May 16, 1933. o. GARRISON 1,909,393

GEAR GRINDER AND THE LIKE Filed June 5, 1930. 10 Sheets-Sheet 10 INVENTO/i 02m 0 azure/sou, 0:00. er AA/A A smw/aan 404m reamed May 16, 1933 TATES PAEtrr ORLANDO GARRISONpDEGEASED, LATE F DAYTON, OHIO, BY ANNA M. GAREISON} ADMINISTRATRIX, 0F DAYTON, OHIO, ASSIGNOR T0 PRATT & WHITNEY COMPANY, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF NEW JER$EY GEAR GRINDER AND THE LIKE Application filed June 5,

This invention relates to improvements in gear grinders, having particular reference to machines of the character set forth in Patent No. 1,469,504, issued to said Orlando Garrison October 2, 1923, and in Patent No. 1,823,734. granted saidGarrison, September 15, 1931.

In this type of gear grinder the gear teeth are generated in the process of grinding by a suitable abrasive wheel which sustains the same relation to the gears as a master-rack sustains to a master gear when operating one with the other. It follows, therefore, that a gear grinder constructed on this principle will be accurate in grinding in the same de gree that mechanical accuracy is attained in the construction of the machine.

It follows also that the gear teeth will be generated by passing through operating relation with the grinding Wheel, a gear being ground in one setting up on the machine,

which prevents sources of errors in grinding common to machines on which gears being ground must be set up twice for complete grinding, first for grinding the faces of the gear teeth on one side, and again for grin-ding the teeth on the opposite side. Inaccuracies occur due to the impossibility of setting up the gears for the second operation in exact conformity with the setting up for the first operation.

A further gain in accuracy of grinding is attained in the improved gear grinder herein set forth by the cross-sectional, rack-tooth shape of the grinder wheel, which enables the use of a thicker wheelwhich has less lateral deflection under the grinding pres sure. The grinder wheel engages; the gear teeth in successive cuts while the gear is rolling past the wheel, traversing the gear teeth reciprocally in a plane parallel to the axis of thegear. The grinding wheel passes through thespace between adjacent teeth concurrently with the reciprocable grinding action and a plurality of times during each rolling movement. The grinding wheel,

through the entire grinding operation, has

narrow face contact and exerts relatively light lateral pressure on the gear teeth. Ac-

cprdingly, there is no material deflection of 1930. Serial 1%. 459375.

the wheel, which contributes to the accuracy of grinding attained on the machine. Also, in production grinding of commercial gears, a relatively greater output is obtained, as rejections due to inaccuracies of the product are minimized. I

An outstanding improvement of the gear grinder as herein set forth consists in hydraulic controls for certain of the mechanism which act to minimize vibrations of the machine and to efiect smoothness of operation, which are factors contributing materially to the high degree of accuracy attained, low maintenance cost, and durability and re-. liability, which are characteristic of the improved grinder. v

For presenting'the complete structure and operation of the present form of improved gear grinder, the mechanism for dressing the grinder wheel is included, being substantially identical, as herein shown, with the wheel dresser set forth in Patent No. 1,573,153, issued to OrlandoGarrison February 16, 1926.

The improvements of the gear grinder as herein set forthconsist more especially in the construction and operation of hydraulic mechanism and mechanisms operably associated therewith. Other improvements consist in driving connections for direct electric 80 motor operation which has the efi'ectof making the machine into an independent operating unit.

In the accompanying drawings which serve for illustrating the invention: 85 Figure 1 is a general view in prespective of the complete improved gear grinder; Fig. 2 is a' detail view of the grinder in front elevation;

Fig. 2A is a rear side elevation of the 90 grinder; I i v Fig. 3 is a sectional view on the plane of line33ofFig.1; Fig. 3A is a detail side elevation partly in ,sectionof the wheel dressing mechanism shown in Fig. 3; Fig. 4 is a view in side elevation of part of the hydraulic mechanism for operating the wheel reciprocating ram; I

Fig. 5 is a horizontal sectional'view taken 1 on the plane of line 5-5 of Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is a vertical sectional view taken on the planeof line 6-6 of Fig.

Fig. 7 is a horizontal sectional view taken on the plane of line 7-7 of Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is a vertical sectional view taken on the plane of line 8-8 of Fig. 5;

Fig. 9 is a vertical sectional View taken on the plane of line 9-9 of Fig. 8

Fig. 10 is a horizontal sectional view taken on the plane of line 10-10 of Fig. 8;

Fig. 11 is a vertical sectional view through the motor for reciprocating the wheel carrying ram; I

igs. 12 and 13 are detail views in front elevation of the gear indexing mechanism;

Fig. 14 is a horizontal view in section of the motor for operating the *indexing mechanism;

Figs..15 and 16 are vertical sectional views taken on the plane of line. -15 of Fig. 14 showing the valve for the indexing motor in different positions;

Fig. 17 is a vertical sectional view of the hydraulic motors for operating the work carriage traversing mechanism;

Fig. 18 is a vertical sectional view taken at right angles to Fig. 17 through one of the motors; I

Figs. 17 A and 18A are detail views of parts of the motors shown in Fig. 17

Figs. 19 and 29 are sectional views of two forms of work arbors;

Fig. 21 is a general view in perspective of the mechanism for controlling the starting and stopping of the grinder;

Fi 22 consists of four sectional views showing difierent operative positions of the valve mechanism for controlling operation of certain of the hydraulic motors;

Fig. 23 is a sectional view of the grinder wheel spindle;

Figs. 24 to 27 inclusive are detail views of the driving connections for the machine from the power motor.

In the above mentioned drawings is shown an embodiment of the invention which. is now deemed preferable, but it is to be understood that changes and modifications may be made within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention.

' As here shown, a bed base 1 supports the machine base 2 of the gear grinder. A ram 4 supporting the grinder wheel 5 operates on ways 40: of base 2.

The ram is operated by a hydraulic pump 6 and hydraulic motor 7-13 (Figs. 1, 4 and 11) the operating power being from an electric motor 8, operably controlled by a switch 8m, the motor 8 being connected to thepump by belt 80,, pulleys 85-80 and shaft 80l (Figs.

24-27 The pump 6 is connected by a pipe 9 to a reservoir or sump 10 in base 2 for a suitable liquid, such as oil, for hydraulic operation. From pump 6 the liquid passes through pipe 11 and valve 14 to the motor 7-13. The valve 14 is manually operable, for starting and stopping themachine, by a lever 15 connected to the valve by a shaft 15a,

arms 15?; on shaft 15a, shaft 16, arm 16a on shaft 16, and a link 16b connecting the shaft to the valve (Fig. 21).

Details of the ram motor 7-13 are shown in Figs. 411 inclusive and will now be explained. The liquid enters the valve housing, as best shown in Fig. 8, through pipe 12, passes upward, when valve 14 is open,

. through a passage 17 into chamber 18 of valve the reverse movement of the piston, is

throughchamber 18 and passages 25-28 to the opposite end of cylinder 29, the discharge from' the cylinder being through passages 26-27-24-23, chamber 22 and pipe 32 to reservoir 10. Valve 14 is full open to oil passage 17, when the machine is operating, and closed when the machine is at rest.

Valve 14, as best shown in Fig. 8, includes a by-pass or relief valve comprising stem 33, seat 34. spring35 and ports 36-37-37a (Fig. 10). The stem 33 is adjusted at its outer end by a nut 38 in the stem of valve 14, this adjust- 'ment serving for regulating the tensionof a spring 35 acting against the valve 34a to hold it against its seat and controlling the operating pressure of motor 7-13. When the oil pressure in passage 17 exceeds the limit of s normal operating condition, springs 35 yields and the oil escapes through ports 36-37 directly into the drain connections 22-32 without passing into the motor "cylinder 29, thus restoring the pressure to normal.

When the machine is stopped and valve 14 is closed to passage 17, ports 37-370: are open to the drain chamber 22, as shown in 10, which permits the oil from pressure line 12 to flow through a passage 20 and ports 37-37 a into the drain 22-32 without building up the pressure in the passage 17. Operation of valve 19 is efiected by arm 39-40 (Fig. 4) secured to the valve stem and engaged alternately by actuators 41 adjustable on a support 42 carried by the ram and adjusted in posi tion according to the desired length of stroke of the ram. A finger piece 43 on arm 39 serves for manipulatingthe valve manually.

.Gushioning valves 31 coacting with valves 14-19 (Figs. 6-8-9), are provided with stems 44 operablein wells 45 within the cas-' ing 7 which communicate one with the other and with the oil passage 17 by ducts 46, the

proximately the same as in cylinder 29.

When the direction of operation of piston 30 is reversed and the pressure in cylinder 29, at the end which is then discharging, increases the coacting valve 31 yields under pressure,

5 the oil in well 45'acting to cushion stem 44 and to effect an easy action of the piston at the end of the stroke.

The hydraulic motors and the associated including a section of flexible hose 68, pipe extension 67 a on the ram, nozzle 69, catch pan 70, and return pipe 71 to the pump. These connections serve for discharging a continuous flow of cooling compound on the grinder wheel and on the gears being ground. p

. The mechanism for supporting the gears for grinding operations consists of a knee 7 work carriage 7 6 operates on ways 77. The

work arbor 7878a (Figs. 19 is supported in head 7 6a in a roller sleeve bearing 7979a, which has a threaded spindle or collet 80 and a collet 81 in its opposite ends. Sleeve 79 is adjustable in the bearing by a nut 79?) on its inner end, and aspring 'tensioned washer 790 interposed betweenthe nut and the adjoining bearing 79a.

The gears to be ground are held-firmly in position by adjusting the arbors 78-780: axially, two modifications or constructions being shown. In Fig. 19 gear A to be ground is integral with arbor 7 8 and in Fig. 20 the work A comprises a-plurality of gear units supported in axial alignment on arbor 78a.

' in both constructions spindle 79 has a rearwardly tapered sleeve 82. which serves for supporting draw bars 8383a threaded into i the inner end of arbor 78, andextending through arbor 78a respectively. A nut 84 having an adjusting handle 85 is connected to parts 83-8311 adjacent their opposite ends. When the work is set up for grinding, as shown in Fig. 19, the gear is first aligned with a master gear, as will presently be described.

v Draw bar 83 is then threaded'into arbor 78 and handle 85 is backed olf for drawing the gear arbor 78 firmly into collets 8081, the

gear A being forced against a collet 80a, in

' w the outer end of collet 80.

' As shown in Fig. 20, the inner end of draw interposed between the head and the first unit of gears A., T 0 provide for adj ustmentof the draw bars 83 and 83a without friction on base 1 (Figs. 13 18) upon which thein nuts 84, the same are fitted with bearings 89, lock nuts serving to adjust the bars for length, and for engaging the bars when nuts 84' are backed off for tightening gears A on their arbor. Rotation of the draw bar in the latter adjustment is prevented by key. ,92 s

in nut 93 threaded on the work spindle and coacting with nut'84 and spline 91 in'the bar. The mechanism for aligning the gears A m Y their work arbors consists, as shown'in Fig. i

3, of a support 94 adjustable slidably paral-- lelly to :the work arbor on base 95. The. base 95 being slidable on the work table 76 at right angles to the arbor 78. Set screws 96 hold the mechanism as adjusted. A plurality pf independently projectable fingers .97 are supported in a slidable housing 94a in the upper portion of housing 94 for aligning the gears for grinding, the fingers being normally extended bycompression springs 98 on stems 99 threaded into the fingers. The fingers 97 are retractable independently and individually b the stems 99 and are movable collective y relative to gears A by a lever 100 connected to stem 101, which hasits upper endv extended into recess 102 of housing 94a and connected with an eccentric disc 103. When lever 100 is operated, the disc 103-engages the adjacent walls of the recess and moves housing 94aand fingers 97 relative to gears A. I

A master gear 104 is supported .on the tapered end 82 of sleeve 79 by a spacing hub 105 and lock nut 93, a'nut 107 for backing off the master gear being interposed between the gear andnut 79b. Operably associated with the master gear 104 is a master rack 108 which is supported, as shown in Figs. 12-13,

on bifurcated arm 109 pivoted at 110 on bracket-111 which is adjustable vertically on bracket 112 by screw shaft 113 and hand wheel 114.

' The work spindle 78 has three movements 'during the grinding operations, i. e., transverse movement with the work table 76, rotatable movement upon its own axis, these two movements effecting arolling movement upon a pitch diameter, and finally, indexing movement upon its own axis attheends of the movements ofthe work table 7 6 withmaster' gear 104. The transverse movement is accomplished by rack 1-15 (Fig. 3) fixed on the work table of the machine uponthe lower surface of the work table 76 and engaged by gear 116 on shaft 117, the shaft having a hand wheel 118 at its outer end which serves for moving the work table 76 manually at times for effecting adjustments ofithemachine.

Shaft 117 is operatedby one of the hy- 1 draulic motors65 a sectional view-.of which bar 83a has a head 87, a split washer 88 being is shown in Fig. 17. the motor being support ed, as shown in Fig. 18, on a sleeve 119- arranged telescopically on the shaft 117. The

sleeve 119 iskeycd at 120 to hub 121a connected to hand wheel 118 by pin 122a which is adapted to be released by pressing a plunger 122. The hand wheel 118 is keyed to shaft 117 at 123. The motor and gear 116 normally operate in unison, the hand wheel 118 being disengaged from sleeve 119 and the motor 65 my movement of pin 122a for moving the work table 76 manually.

Supported on hub 121a on opposite sides of an annular groove 121?) are two spaced rings 121 which are adjustable one relative to the other circumferentially. The rings are spaced one from the other to provide an annular groove 124 between the rings 121, and are further provided, as shown in Fig. 2, with pins 126 which extend into groove 124 from the opposite rings. Operable by rings 121 is a double pawl 127 which is piv-v oted at 128 and coacts alternately with notches 125 in the peripheries of the rings. Also pivoted at 128, and extended between parts 121, is a trip finger 129 which is engaged alternately by pins 126 for reversing the-action of pawl 127'. The pawl 127 has a clearance space 130 adjacent its pivot center into which oppositely disposed spring-tensioned pins 131 in the pawl are extended, normally retaining the pawl 127 in its central or neutral position.

As motor 65 operates and ins 126 alternately engage finger 129, both latching members of pawl 127 will be out of engagement I with notches 125 until the work carnage reaches the limit of movement in one direction, then one of the notches 125, according to the direction of movement of the carriage, will register with pawl 127 which will act under pressure of the coacting spring 131 to engage the notch and stop the motor and work carriage. When the movement of the carriage is in the opposite direction the op\ posite notch 125 and pawl 127 will, act in like manner to stop the motor 65 and carriage 76.

It will be'apparent that the extent of travel of the work carriage 76 in either direction will be determined by rotary adjustment of rings 121, the travel of the carriage 7 6 being in exact proportion to the circumferential spacing of notches 125 and pins 126.- Thus the movement of the carriage 76 can be regulated accurately according to the diameter of gears to be-ground to completely grind the adjacent faces of adjacent teeth.

Formed integrally with pawl 127 is a wing-shaped cam 132 and coacting with the cam isa cam follower 133 supported on a pitman head 134 operably associated with the opposite or right hand motor 65. The follower 133 acts to disengage the pawl from rings 121 for reversing the work carriage.

A divided'link 135--136 adjustably connected to the pitnian head 134 and arm 109 acts to move the'master rack 108 into andout of engagement with the master'gear'104. The

substantially identical ,of the operating flu d past the pistons.

sage 179 leading to bot link is adjustable as to length at 137 for connecting it variably with arm'109 to accommodate master gears 104 of difierent diameters.

The detail construction of motors 65 is best illustrated in Fig. 17, the motors being as to construction and their operation inverse one from the other.

Each motor 65 has a rotatable piston 119a.

coacting with a fixed wall 119?) interposed between the motor shaft and the wall of the cylinder, 1196 being provided with flexible sealing devices 1190, such as rubber, best shown in detailFigs. 17A-18A, which are forced by the liquid under pressure within the motors into engagement with the motor shafts and walls of the cylinders for preventing leakage.

The detail assembly of the pistons 119a includes the oscillating shafts 117-119 to which the pistons are secured respectively. Each piston comprises a bifurcated radially disposed blade, between the opposite walls of which-the expandable gasket or sealing element 1190 is retained frictionally. Part has an elongated opening 119d with which opposite check valves 1190 in walls 119a communicate. When the operating liquid enters the cavity 11903 from one or of operation of the pistons, the opposite valve.

1196 closes under the pressure of the liquid. The pressure of the liquid in the cavities of parts 11%. causes the walls to expand into pressure engagement with the shafts and walls of the motors for preventing leakage sealing devices in parts 119?; are provided with check valves 119f and respond in like manner to the oil pressure, for preventing leakage in the motors.

The liquid is admitted to the motors from line 11a into a chamber 173 within the body member for the motors 65 and passes through ports 174175 of valve 17 6, when the Valve is in the position illustrated in Fig. 17, into a common supply passage 177 leading to both motors 65. When the valve 176 is in the inverse position the movement of the liquid is through ports 174-17 8 and a sup lv pasmotors. The exhaust from the motors is alternately through passages 177179 to chamber 180 and port a return line 1 0a.

181 to valte 169. thence to Valve 169 sustains an important relation to motors 65. When the starting lever 15 is moved to start the machine. arm 160 is moved out of engagement with link 166 (see Fig, 21), causing the link to be raised sufiicientlyby spring 172- for partially opening The the valves and also the fixed parts valve 169 and permitting the motors to start. I

When the machine is operating. valve 169 is acted upon-variably by a cam 2 12 13) on an eccentrically adjust-able 182 (Figs.

shaft 183. As the work table 76 moves back and forth the cam engages a roller 184 on pivoted arm 185 connected with link 166, and acts to thrust the link 166 and valve stem 168 downward to an extent determined by adjustment of shaft 183, operation of thevalve 169 acting to retard the motor by restrictlng the movement of theliquid through the valve, during the interval of actual grinding operations upon the teeth during each stroke of the table 76.

As the work moves out of engagement with the grinder wheel 5 by lateral movement of the table 76 in either direction cam 182 moves out of engagement with roller 184. As valve stem 168 rises under action of spring 172,

- the valve 169 is opened to greater extent, and

I (Fig. 2) and has a series of axially'extended greater extent, a wider surface on the gear grooves 169?) formed in its periphery, four grooves as here shown, of unequal lengths. The grooves communicate with an upper valve chamber 1690 and an annular groove 169a? in the valve stem which communicates with ports 1696 leading to line 10a. As the valve 169 is actuated the flow of liquid through grooves 169?) to groove 16901 will be accelerated or retarded accordingly as the movement of stem 169a is up or down. 1

The adjustability of valve 169 and cam. 182 provides a Wide range'of grinding feeds for regulating the action on the gear teeth being ground. When the cross feed is rapid, which results when valve 169 is open to a relatively teeth will be ground upon each stroke 0 the grinder wheel. As the valve 169' is more and more 'closed, correspondingly reduced surfaces are ground. This is accomplished by adjusting the valve stem downward until the longest groove 1695 remains: slightly open, which slows down the rolling movement of the gear to the lowest point of operation, the grinding in this adjustment being exceedingly fine and accurate.

The mechanism for indexing the master gear 104 and work A (Figs. 1216) consists of a reciprocating rack 139 having two rack teeth 140,for alternately engaging the master gear, the teeth being adjustableone relative to the other by means of slots 139a, according to the diameter 'and number of teeth in the master gear.' The rack is supported on arm 141 connected to a bar 141a slidable in the base housing 143a and on piston 142 of motor 143. This motor 143 is connected to pump6b by-pipe 144 and to line 10a by pipe 145. The stroke or operating range of the rack is adjustable by means of a threaded stem and nut 141?) at the opposite end of bar 14111. n

The detail construction of the motor is shown in Fig. 14 and includes a cylinder 146 in which piston 142 operates. The front portion of the housing is bored vertically for a valve cylinder 147 in which valve piston 148 operates. The stem of the piston is in operable relation with an actuator 149 adjustable in boss 150 on arm 109. I

'In'the motor housing 143 a series of oil ducts abcai interconnect pipes 144145 and cylinders 146-147. Duct e communicates between pipe 144 and the upper and lower ends of cylinder 147, duct b between pipe 145 and cylinder147 intermediate the ends of piston 148, duct 0 between one end of cylinder 146, and the lower end of cylinder 147 at a point above the lower connection of duct 11 equalto the width of the piston heads, and duet d between the opposite end of cylinder 146 and the upper end of cylinder 147 at a point below the upper connection of duct at equal to the width of the piston heads.

The movement of the liquid through motor 143 is as follows When the indexing mechanism is in the positionillustrated in F igs. 1215, the liquid from pipe 144 enters the lower end of cylinder 147 through duct a, v

thence, as arm 109 is moved upward and piston.148 is moved upward by the liquid, as 11-. lustrated in 16, the liquid flows into cylinder 146 through duct 0, the discharge from the cylinder being through duct 0?, cylinder 147 and duct 6 to pipe 145. In the reverse operation, piston 148 is forced downward, as arm 109 moves downward, by actuator 149 to the position illustrated in Fig. 15, the movement of the liquid being from pipe 144, through duct 0; into the upper end of cylinder 147 thence through duct d into cylinder 146, the discharge from the cylinder being through duct 0 into cylinder 147 and duct 12 to pipe 145.

stantially equal to the vertical distance between the centers otthe ports of ducts a0 and ad. In the upper limit of movement of the piston, the upper port of duct a will be fully closed and the ports of ducts 0d in cylinder 147 will be partially open, as shown resistance on the upper piston headfor'efi'ect The width of the heads of piston 148 is subinders 146-147 effecting a cushioning action on pistons 142-148 and minimizing the vibration of the indexing operation.

The indexing-action is as follows: Assuming that the work carriage 76, in the relation of th parts illustrated in Fig. 12, is moving to the right and that the limit of movement of the work carriage and of the indexing action is reached in the relation of parts illustrated in Fig. 13; upon lowering of master rack 108 into operating relation with the master gear, the work carriage, upon reversing of motors 65, will move to the left, to the opposite limit of movement. Back 139 will be retracted by motor 143 to the position shown in Figt12, and at the end of the movement the opposite rack tooth 140 will be in engagement with the master gear and will act upon operation of motor 143, as the master rack is again moved out of engagement with the master gear, to index the master gear 104 and the work spindle 79. 7 Upon re-engagementof the master rack 108 and master gear 104 and movement of the work carriage 76 again to the right, rack 139 will again be retracted as the master gear 104 moves out of engagement with the rear tooth 140 and moves into the relation with. the forward tooth 140 illustrated in Fig. 12.

One or the other of gear teeth 140'on rack 139 is in mesh with the master gear at the lim-' it of each movement of the work carriage in opposite directions, thus acting to prevent movement of the master gear 104 by momen tum when the master rack is disengaged from it. These teeth 140 serve to align the master gear 104, incidental to indexing of the gear,"

for reengagement with the master rack 108. An indexing mechanism for stopping the machine upon completion of grinding opera tions on a gear is shown in Figs, 2-21, consisting of a ratchet 151, a pivoted arm 152, pawl 153, and link 154, which connects the arm to the pitman 134, a finger 155 of arm 152 engages stop 156 and limits the movement of the arm in the idle direction. A slot 157 'in link 154 provides freedom of action atthe connection with arm 152 at the limit of move ment of the down stroke.

' eration of grinding The function of the mechanism associatedv with ratchet 151 is to stop the movement of liquid to. the motors 65 upon each revolution of the master gear 104 or upon complete opa gear. To this end a trip pawl 158 (Fig. 21) on shaft 151a, upon which ratchet gear 151 is supported, acts upon each rotatlon of the ratchet gear 151 to release shaft 16, to which control lever 15 is connected, from its locked relation with arms 159160, the mechanism being spring tensioned at 150 for reversing the movement of rod 15a upon releasing of shaft 16, for shutting off the liquid at valve 14. Arms 159 160 are released from their engaged relation one with'the other by trip finger 161 supported on shaft 162 and actuated by pawl 158 when ratchet gear 151 completes a rotation.

Means for stopping the machine manually are also provided, consisting of lever 15 connected to tubular shaft 17 which is arranged telescopically on shaft 16, by shaft 15a and arms 156-17 a. A trip finger 163 on shaft 17 engages finger 164 on'shaft 162 for releasing the interlocked arms 159-160, which results in reversing lever 15 and stopping the motors 65 and motor 13. Stops 1503-17?) act to limit the movements of shafts 16-17 in one direction. Arm 160 has a pin 165 in its free end which engages shoulder 167 of bar 166 and acts, as arm 160 is operated, to move the bar and stem 168 of valve 169 downward. which controls the operation of motors 65.

The wheel dresser mechanism, as herein stated, comprises the subject matter of Patent No. 1,573,153and does not here require detail description. This mechanism'is best shown in Figs. 33A, andconsists of a carbon or diamond point dresser 200 mounted on an axially and pivotally adjustable bar 201, supported in a rotatable sleeve 201a, and providingfor adjusting bar 201 axially and rotatably for moving the diamond points from one side to the other of the work edge of the grinder wheel for dressing the wheel to conform in cross section to the shape of a rack tooth of the desired angle. A scale 202 serves for making accurate angular adjust ment of the dresser tool relative to the work edge of the grinder wheel, and crank 203 for operating bar 201 axially for moving the dresser point over the lateral work faces and peripheral edges of the grinder wheel.

The wheel dresser as a whole is mounted on the grinder wheel head 204 and moves with the ram 4 when the grinder is operating. The grinder wheel 5'is supported in the vertically adjustable wheel head 204 operable on ways 205 on the ram and is connected to the power motor 8 by pulley 225 and belt 227. The 'wheel head bracket is connected by a threaded shaft 208 to a hand adjusting wheel 206, a dial 207 serving for graduating the adjustments. Supported on the wheel head 204 is an intermediate bracket 209 upon which a vertically adjustable bracket 210 is supported, the latter being connected to a threaded shaft 211 provided with a hand wheel 212 for raising and lowering the bracket, a dial 213 serving for graduating the adjustments. The support 201a for dresser bar 201 is rotatable on bracket 210.

From the foregoing description it will be the grinder wheel.

seen that the grinder wheel 5 is adjustable vertically to allow for grinding gears of different diameters and 0 wheels of different diameters, that the wheel dresser is fi-adjustable to compensate for the reduced diameter of the wheel resulting from repeated dressings of its grinding edge, and'that the dresser tool 201 is adjustable for dressing both side edges and theperipheral edge of bearings, the latter consisting in opposite ball bearings 216 ateach end of the spindle. A feature of the bearings consists of oil fil-- ters 217 "which act to exclude grit from the bearings, and oil drains 218 which act to remove any excessive oil and to prevent the formation-of oil films. which might effect the accuracy of alignment of the spindle. The

Y grinder wheel is supported onv a collar 219 which is keyed on the spindle and has a hub fitting the aperture of the wheel, which is held on the hub by disc 220, and a nut 221 threaded on the spindle. A sleeve 2'22, threaded on the spindle and operable in a ring bearing 223, secured on the bearing head by'screws 224a, is butted against the adjacent bearings 216. A nut 225a threaded on the opposite end of. the spindle against the opposite bearings 216 serves for adjusting the spindle axially. Sleeve bearings 226 support the spindle onopposite sides of the drive pulley 225. The wheel head structure as a whole conforms to standard practice for obtaining accuracy, smoothness of operation, and minimum wear.

8 to the grinder wheel consists of pulley 225 on the spindle of the wheel and belts 8a,227 (Fig. 24). Belt 227 is kept taut by an arm 24:0 pivoted on shaft 803 and connected to the p ram by a link 230. Adjusted pulleys for the belt consist of two pulleys 22 4 supportedon a rockeg. arm 229 on shaft 231 which is pivoted on arm 240'an'd is'tensioned in clock: wise direction by spring arm 232, being adapted to be adjusted in the opposite direction by a ratchet and pawl 233-234. v

The operating connection from the power 'motor 8 to pumps 6a6b-(F igs. 24-27) is belt 8a, pulley 8b to shaft 8d, and chain and sprocket drive 8,efg-,--h'; and from shaft 8d to motor 6,'through chain and sprocket drive St f-7c. Clutch mechanism consisting of a foot lever 241' on shaft 242, shifter rod 243 extended through shaft 8d, and connect- 69 ed tofrictiondisc 244 coacting with drive pulley 86, serves for disconnecting the power motor from the machine.

y What is claimed is: 1. A gear grinder including an arbor for support ng gears for grinding, a master gear The driving connection from power motor.

operating with the arbor, and a master rack coacting intermittently with the master gear for moving-the gears for grinding, and an auxiliary rack having teeth widely spaced one from the other axially of the rack, one of said teeth being in mesh with the master gear during intervals of inoperable relation between the master gear and master rack, and hydraulic means to actuate said auxiliary rack when said master rack is disengaged from said master gear for indexing the gears.

2. A gear grinder including an arbor for supporting a gear for grinding, a master gear operating with the arbor,'.and a master rack coac'ting intermittently with the master gear for moving the gears for grinding, and an auxiliary rack in register with the master rackfwhenithe master gear and master rack are in inoperable relation one with the other, and means to actuate said auxiliary rack for indexing the gears, said master rack and auxiliary rack being actuated alternately by hydraulic means in timed relation to each other. v 3. A gear grinder including an arbor for supportlng a gear for grinding, a master gear and a master rack operating with the arbor for moving said gear for grinding, a hydraulic motor for-effecting movements of said gear, a grinder wheel having operating relation" with the gears, an auxiliary rack ,-operably associated with the master gear and master rack for indexing the gears for grinding, a hydraulic motor for actuating said'auxiliary rack, and means to operate said auxiliary rack when said'master rack hasbeen moved to an inoperative position.

' i. A gear rinderjncluding a reciprocally 1 operable carriage, an arbor thereon for sup porting a gear for grinding, a master gear and master rack operating-one with the other and said arbor and carriage for moving the gears for grinding, an abrasive wheel for grinding the gears having intermittent operating relation therewith, hydraulic means to move-said rack into and out of inter-engagement with said master gear, and an auxiliary rack operable for indexing the gear being ground upon completion of reciprocable movement of said carriage.

if). A gear grinder including a'hydraulic motor, an arbor for supporting a gear for grinding, a master gear anda master rack operating with the arbor for moving the gears for grinding, a rack operable with the 1 master gear for indexing the gears for grindingjsaid motor including a cylinder and piston connected for moving said rack into and out of engagement with said master gear, and a'valve'operable' by said 'fnaster rack between intervals of grinding operation for directin g the operating liquid to the motor.

, 6. A gear grinder including a hydraulic motor, an arbor for supporting a gear for grinding operation, a master gear operable with the arbor, a master rack intermittently operable with the master gear for eflecting rolling motion of the gear for grinding, an auxiliary rack operably associated with the master gear and said motor for indexing'the gears, and a valve operable by movement of said master rack between grinding intervals grinding, a master gear operable with the the gears, means arbor, a master rack operable with the master gear for moving the gears for grinding, an auxiliary rack operably associated with the master gear and said motor for indexing the gear, a valve in the liquid line including inlet and outlet ports and a piston coacting with said ports for directing the operating liquid to and from said motor, and means to permit movement of said valve to advance said rack in indexing direction only when said master rack is disengaged from said master gear.

9. A gear grinder including a hydraulic motor, means for supporting a gear for grinding, a reciprocable ram for moving an abrasive wheel into grinding operation with the gear, said motor including a cylinder and piston operably connected to the ram, an oscillatory valve operable by reciprocal movement by the ram for directing the operating liquid to the motor, and a plurality of valves normally held toward their closed positions by the operating liquid pressure and responsive to the pressure of liquid discharged from the cylinder for cushioning the action of said pis-" ton.

10, A gear grinder including means for supporting a gear for grinding, means for reciprocating an abrasive wheel for grinding the gears, means for effecting a rolling movement of the gear relative to the grinding wheel,.means for indexing the gears incidental to the grinding thereof, and a plurality of hydraulic motors coordinated one with another mechanisms.

11. A gear grinder including means for supporting a gear for grinding, means for reciprocating an abrasive wheel for grinding for effecting rolling motion of the gear relative to the grinding wheel,

for effecting operation of said means for indexing the gears incidental to the grinding thereof, a plurality of hydraulic for and means for regulating the operation of said motors.

In testimony w signature.

Administratfim of rison, Deceased.

hereof, I hereto afiix my ANNA M, GARRISON,

the Estate of Orlando Gar- 

